Week 30: Rethinking What Happened (8)
Thursday, December 9th, 2010
In this post, we conclude part 6 of our year-long project. We’ve been rethinking the Christian telling ofthe Story about what happened to humanity to get us in the pickle we’re in. How is it that evil is so much a part of the human experience? How is it that we seemingly possess two natures? What does God have to do with the dark and light side of our natures, and how does God help us in our journey from dark into light? And in particularity, what does Jesus’ death have to do with any of this?
Over the last weeks, we’ve thought about the definition of the dark side of our humanity, working on a definition of the “sin” from which we need to be saved. Last week, several historical ways Christians have talked about what it means when we say “Jesus saves us from sin.” In this post, I’ll tell you one more of our traditional understandings of Jesus sving us, and then tell you what I think personally.
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We Christians can’t reduce the cross of Jesus to a mere historical event. For us, it is the axis around which our faith rotates. It is in the cross, the grave, and our experience of the Risen Christ that we rest our eternal hope. So it is especially important that we articulate well, this most precious part of our Story. The sin-salvation part of the Story serves as the birth canal through our spiritual journeys begin. it is the starting point of our awakening into the deep rivers of life and the beginning of our journey to the heights of love and virtue that are ours in Christ Jesus.
We Christians talk a lot about the Greek word, agape. It is the word we use to define Divine Love. Wwe regularly quote John’s central message that God is love. But when we tell the story of sin and salvation, we often reduce agape to a tiny sliver of its glory. We talk a lot about God’s Love, but then tell the salvation Story in a way that robs it of its force, its potency, its virility.
To consider well that “Jesus saves us from sin,” our starting point must be that the first and foremost impulse of God’s Love is self-giving. God is not stingy. God does not hold back blessing or goodness. Everything Divine originates in Love, and it is God’s nature to lavish that love in unfettered abundance.
All of Creation demonstrates the self-giving, Love-nature of God. Rain and sun and soil and air and fire and food, all erupt from the Divine impulse to give lavishly. All of Creation shows forth the Divine heart of love, and anyone who has eyes to see will take this truth in.
However, given that so many of us are blinded to this truth, blinded by anxiety, care, and concern, blinded by the pain, hurt, and wounds we inflict on one another as we live from our lower natures, blinded by greed and ingratitude, fear and drivenness, Jesus is given us as an even clearer articulation of Divine Love. The message of Jesus, the life Jesus lived among people, and most pointedly, the death of Jesus, are all clear articulations of Divine love. The clearest of these is the cross. The cross reveals the that selflessness and the sacrifice are elemental to Divine Love. The cross demonstrates that Divine Love offers the very self of the lover to the beloved, offers the lover’s being, body, soul, and existence in expressing itself. For Christians, the cross is the clearest revelation of the always-loving, always-giving heart of God.
Given what we said in part 4 of this project (rethinking human nature), that our deepest natures are of God, and that our truest selves are our divine-nature selves, when the cross reveals the love-heart of God, it is in fact, revealing to us our own truest hearts as well. The cross shows us that we are closest to our true selves when we, like Jesus, pour ourselves out in love for another, when we give the totality of our being, the whole of our hearts, on behalf of others.
This is the nature of God. This is the nature of our deepest, truest selves.
It is better, I believe, to speak of the cross as a revelation of Love, than as a payment for sin.
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This brings us to one more historical theory of the atonement, one I did not cover last week. It is called the Moral Influence Theory of the Atonement. It dates back to 4th Century and the teachings of Augustine, one of Christianity’s most influential theologians and philosophers, and was best articulated by Abelard, a philosopher, teacher, and short-time monk, from the 11th century. Even then, both Augustine and Abelard were deeply disillusioned with the negative implications of the substitutionary theory we’ve discussed.
The Moral Influence Story of sin and salvation says that Jesus’ complete self-giving on the cross, his complete abandonment of self in service to others, and his complete devotion to the will of God for the sake of the world, completed the work of his life. Giving himself to die on the cross was the capstone of Jesus’ life and message. It spoke in deed, of the nature of God’s Love that Jesus had been speaking in word his entire life.
Focused on God’s defining nature as lavish, self-giving love, the Moral Influence Theory says that when this Love grips the depths of our hearts, it changes us at the depths of our beings. It changes the very core of who we are. It saves us. Experiencing the sacrificial Love of God as manifest in Jesus’ death on the cross transforms us.
In 2 Cor 5, Paul talks about the revelation of God’s love in Christ “constraining” him, or in another translation “compelling” him. God’s love constrains him from selfishness, lovelessness, and sinfulness, and compels him to the Divine Life, and the manifestation of the Fruit of the Spirit.
The sacrifice of Christ, this Story tells us, awakens us to Divine Love, and compels us to live our most authentic, most Divine selves. Being saved this way, we find ourselves wanting to stop being selfish, wanting to join God in self-giving, wanting to give ourselves to our neighbors and the world.
In his death, Jesus invites us into his life of self-giving. Jesus gave himself to God for the sake of the whole world, and now he invites us into this same devotion; giving of ourselves, both to God and to the world. That is the Moral Influence Theory of the Atonement in a nutshell.
Jesus’ act of love and sacrifices saves us from our false selves. It opens our eyes and hearts to save us from the soul-traps of selfishness and lovelessness. Influenced by Jesus great love, we decide to get back on the right side, decide to join God in the creative, saving way and to abandon the selfish, destructive way. Jesus’ exemplary obedience to the heart of God and his service and love for all humanity gets under our skins and we can’t let it go. If affects our intentions and changes our orientation to life. It delivers us from fear, and kindles in us a response of love. Thus awakened, inspired, and kindled, we are “saved.”
What is notable about this way of telling the Story is what is absent. There is nothing here about Jesus’ death being a sacrifice to pay for human sinfulness. Instead, Jesus’ death serves to impress upon us the depth of God’s Love; for us, in us, and through us. This in turn, results in softened hearts being drawn to repentance.
In this way of telling the Story, nothing has to change in human nature for God to accept us. No ransom has to be paid to free us. No blood has to cover over our sin so God cannot see it. Nothing about God’s view of us has to change. God’s eyes are wide open to our sinfulness, and God’s Love just is. It always has been. It always will be. And likewise, God’s forgiveness just is, always is.
What changes when we are saved, is us. We are awakened to a new vision, a new priority, a new life. We see the Way we hadn’t seen before. We see the Truth we hadn’t known before. We see the Life we hadn’t lived before. Jesus selfless and exemplary life calls us to take the road we had not traveled, and that road makes all the difference.
In groups where Christians tell the Story of sin and salvation this way, there develops a strong tradition of social justice. Seeing ourselves saved this way, inspires many Christians to alleviate poverty, relieve suffering, work for liberty and justice for all.
This alone would be good argument for this way of telling the Story, but for me personally, it is only a part.
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For me personally, being “saved” is first and foremost experiential. This is what makes the Ransom Story so powerful. It is descriptive of an experiential reality. Life before Jesus was like enslavement and imprisonment, but now, something has happened to us. Without understanding the fully mechanics of it, we are free. We were blind, but now we see. We were enslaved, but now we are free. We were trapped, but now we have liberty.
No matter which of the salvation metaphors we use, it is the experience of new life in the risen Christ that is at the core. The doctrines are only there to describe the experience. “It was this way… Then I experienced something in the life, death, resurrection, and now it’s not this way any more. Now, it’s that way!”
So personally, I draw from all the theories as I seek to describe and deepen my experience of the Risen Christ. We talked about the Christus Victor theory, and that is very important to me. Jesus’ life blows our categories of reality. Dead used to be dead, enemies use to be hated, fear used to imprison us. But Jesus showed us that death is not the final word. However the Risen Christ was manifest, it showed us that God triumphs over death, over sin, over evil, over sickness, over disease. Though we may languish in a time of waiting, in the end goodness wins, always. In the end life wins, always. In the end truth wins, always. In this our hope is set. In this our true north is set. This determines what we look for in life. We are always looking for the spaces where the Kingdom of God is manifest, where goodness triumphs. So I draw deeply from the Christus Victor story. It changes my life.
I also draw deeply from the Moral Influence Theory introduced in this post. Jesus’ life was a message of Divine Love. Jesus’ death was a message of Divine Love, and that message changes the game. Called to live my life according to the Truth that Jesus’ Life and Death reveal, I am awakened from my slumber of sin, selfishness, alienation, apathy, and I’m drawn into newness of Life. I‘m drawn to rewired priorities, rewired values, rewired beliefs. In Jesus’ self-sacrificial death, I am awakened to selflessness, to love, to care, and to a new and living way to walk this earth.
In both of these ancient ways of telling the Story, I find Life. And more, when I find myself unable to walk from vice into virtue, when I’m stuck in a path I can’t get out of, the Perfect Penitent Story also helps me experience the Risen Christ. It encourages me call to God for help in repenting. My expectation is that Jesus’ death and resurrection help me turn from my dead path to an alive one, so when I’m stuck in sin, this story inspires me to call out for help.
In the face of my selfishness, the moral influence story inspires me to selflessness and concern for others. When I’m feeling imprisoned, the Ransom story gives me hope that freedom is there, I must search it out. When trapped in despair the Christus Victor story tells me of the outstanding hope before me; death, sin, failure, alienation, none of them have any sting. Christ has made an open show of them, triumphing in the cross. I look for hope, knowing it is there. Even if it eludes me, I am inspired to keep looking until I find it.
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So I appreciate elements of all these ancient ways of telling our Story. But I resent the parochial posture our Church has often taken, that when we find a beautiful way of telling our Story, we assume our way is the way. I resent the narrow assumption that if our way is the way, the other ways must be wrong. I resent that so often, we don’t encourage one another to engage in the messy, often paradoxical mysteries of our faith to broaden our experience of a God who is beyond us.
I love all these ways of telling the Story, and I suspect there are other ways to tell it too. I suspect that none of us, nor the theologians who purport differently, really know what it means that Jesus saves us from our sin. But in each of these metaphors, we broaden our experience of being saved nonetheless. In each of these tellings of the Story, we find a dimension of Light and Life that widens and extends our experience of God, our experience of being saved, our experience of victory over the dark side of our natures and a release of the light and life that is born of our Divine centers.
So we conclude this section, hopefully having presented a broader perspective on Sin. I hope we don’t miss the point, and settle for simple behavior modification as the sum total of our spiritual journeys.
I also hope I’ve given cause to rethink some unspoken assumptions about God’s nature in Penal Substitution Story. I hope we look beyond only one metaphors of salvation, especially since it has some very negative implications for our souls.
And I hope that by giving other metaphors to widen our understanding of how we Christians experience our salvation, that as we are working out our salvation over a lifetime, we’ll access a more multi-faceted salvation, a more multi-dimensional salvation, a deeper experience of being saved in Jesus.
The word “theology” comes from two Greek roots, theos and logos, “
Recognizing that
I want to underscore that the substitutionary theory of the atonement can be very helpful. I
The most ancient way of telling the story of sin and salvation is called the Ransom Theory of the Atonement. A
The second Story that helped the ancients talk about their experience is called the Christus Victor theory of the atonement. E
The Perfect Penitent Story of the atonement starts with the question, “
Finally, many Christians have understood Jesus saving them from sin through the Powerful Weakness Story. T
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Figuring prominently in how our Story is told, is this phrase; “
A lot of people have puzzled over this scripture,
The human condition is mix a little truth with a little illusion. W
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I continued explaining to him that there are two very beautiful things about the Jewish tradition of arguing Torah. F
The absence of this evolutionary dynamic is enforced in our spirituality by how we think about salvation. S
We’re never finished awakening to the indwelling Holy Spirit, that part of us that is made of the same stuff God is made of. We’re never finished experiencing our true selves, our love-joy-peace-patience-kindness-goodness selves, our fruit of God’s indwelling Presence selves. This is never a completed task we tick off our list. We never finish experiencing God’s good judgment, experiencing God’s always-present forgiveness, experiencing the teaching of God’s Inner Voice, experiencing the revelation of God’s deeper Truths. This salvation is always in play for those with ears to hear.
We human beings are in a pickle, no doubt. O
But, we’ve seen, this way of telling the story has problems. P
we’re in an interpretive dilemma. D
We’ve also reconsidered
One of my favorite authors is Richard Rohr. A
Many in our society believe that accepting Jesus as their personal savior would make them a worse person. T
And when we put Jesus’ salvation into this category, it powerfully connected with the sensibilities of a consumer society. The Church began selling salvation as a personal product,
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However, we’ve seen in this project (
If God’s Love truly is unmerited, truly is unlimited, the game has changed. How can unmerited, unlimited Love
to us;
I think this very common way of telling our Story sacrilegiously diminishes one of the fundamentals of our faith, one of the cornerstones of our our religion –
I believe this reduction and dismissal of Divine Love in how we speak of sin and salvation is due to human pride. The ancients taught us
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As long as we keep following this kind of win/lose, earn/loss salvation script; a
Unless we awaken to the grace that is always extended to us; u